Duplex calculator.



BESTAVAILABLE COP .l

Bs AvAsL/a,

J. P. MAYS.

DUPLEX CALCULATOR.

APPLICATION FILED APB.s,.1912.

Patented' Nov. 3, 1914-.

Z -SHBETSSHBET L TTORNEY BEST AVMLABLE com J. MAYS.

DUPLEX CALCULATOR.

APPLICATION PILED APP.6,1912.

1-,1 15,953. Patented Nov.3,1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A TORNE Y esta ESTAVAILAIBLE com TED .STATES rnrinir orrion.

religisen@ @NEVA-De concern.: A I. p .itwjrnotwn that I, JAMES AF. MA'rs,'a citizenoffthe States' of America, residing at Birmingham, in the county of Jefferson and State of Alabama, have invented and useful Improvements in 'Duplex Calculators, of which the following isv a -specication.

lmbvention relatesfto improvement in anaddin'gfand calculating'machine.

Ihavefound-that the advantages of the adding-machine -when used as such inde pendentlyand morefparticularly when used combination A.with a typewriter in the manner. and claimed ina pending 'application of" even date herewith, are

greatly increasedby adapting the machine to. lcalculate of a bill or subtotals on one set -of dials and to provide an additional set of'totaling dials on'which the severa-l items or subtotals may be set up for the grandtotal and which are disconnected from the operating mechanism of the adding machine when .the calculating or subtotaling dials'are being used. To this end I preferably utilize a key controlled operating mechanism, for the dials and equip the machine with two sets of dials preferably arranged at opposite ends, .there being a coupling mechanism which is controlled by a key or lever and which acts to couple one set of dials to the key controlled mechanism at the same time that it disengages the other set of dials therefrom.

My invention also embodies the novel idea l of having aset of number registering dials i mounted in the top casing of the machine,

and'so connted with their actuating mechanism :is to be readily detached therefrom and liftedv from the machine with the top,

and also the idea of having. these dials and the-keys for operating them so mounted on said top that both said dials and keys may be moved together from the body of the machine on the removal of said top.

My invention further comprises improvements in the keyboard, in the mechanism for ca rrviug from dial to dial of each sct of dials, in the means for resetting the dials to zero position, and in various other novel details el @instruction and arrangement of vSpecilcation. of Letters Patent. l Appueiin sie@ tra e,

. all of which in their preferred em- 'r'.ia's o F nmMINGHAJr, Liana-Mm, AssIGNon, BY Mnsnnassmnmnms,

DUPLEX cALcuLA'ron.

l Patented Nov. 3, 1914.. 1912. serial no'. 638,912.

Ato the accompanying drawings, wherein1- Figure l 1s a top plan View of'my improyed duplex adding machine broken away illustrate in plan various details of the internal operating mechanism. Fig. 2 is a sido elevation of F ig. l, which is also broken away to illustrate the parts of the internal mechanism in side elevation- Fi'g. 3 is a front elevation which is broken away to illustrate parts of the internal operating mechanism infront elevation. Eig. 4 is a detail view of the key controlled resetting couplings for connecting one' of the dial shafts with the key controlled shafts. Fig, 6 is a detail View of the double pawl forming part of thetransmissio'n between the dials and the key actuating mechanism. Fig. 7

reset arm.

Sinnlar reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawings.

of my invention the calculating machine is provided with a suitably closed casing through the top of which a series of key posts l project for vertical manipulation, each post being surrounded by a coiled spring 2 which is fastened to the to plate 3 of thecasing at its upper end an at its lower end is fastened to the post which is provided with a stop piu 4-which arrests the posts when raised by the spring. At an intermediate point each postcarries a pin 5 which is adapted to engage a rocker arm 6 which is keyed or otherwise fastened to a rocker shaft 7, a parallel series of which extend from front to rear of-the machine :ind are suitably journaled in 'bearings 8 formed by vertically projecting parts of metal plates 9 suitably fastened by screws 1Q to the side walls of the-casing. lThe arms (i on each shaft increase from rear to front in angular relationship to a common vertical plane, the First rear arm standing in engagement with its respective pin 5 while the succeeding arms are cach increasingly spaced from their respective pins. This provides a uniform key stroke with a f. varying angular increment of the rock its. Spring retainers ll project over fts and are caught in notches in the l the sha rack. Fig. 5` is av detail .view of one of the is a detail view of the carrying wheel and To Mfrs ACCOUNTING mom coMrANY, or Asnnvrmtn, NORTH CAROLINA',- A

describedA and claimed, referencebeing had i According to the preferred embodiment 1 serve to hold the severalshafts -137inthei1j respective bearings. By this arrangement BEST AVAILABLE com tongues 14 which are stamped out of platesV 9 and bent at right angles thereto so that they stand vertical with a notch or groove in their outer edges which receives the shaft 13. ASpring retaining pins 15, similar to 1l,

the transverse plates 9 serve as bearings for both of rocker shafts 7 and 13, there being nine of'these plates 9, which are all disposed between the front and rear vertical `partition Awalls .16 and 17, respectively. Be-

tween theseA Walls is contained all the key controlled or key operated mechanism, and without going into too great a detail I may state brieflythat each mechanism comprises any desired number of rows of numeral l'the .-key.- The relative movements of the rock shaft, by different keys ofa row, may be obtained in the,I manner described more at length in my LettersI Patent No. 842,682,

. varying butl I prefer the means shown, namely, the angular disposition of the arms on Adjustable stop screws 18 are screwed into right angle angesli) on the plates 9 and he in adjusted position by set screws 20. lilac.r post 1 carries astop plate 21 snitably as'f ned thereto and adapted to engage its respective screw 18 afterthe keys complete their stroke of uniform length. Each of the rock lshafts 7 has its two ends squared and upon each squared end is mounted a coupling sleeve 22 with a. squared central opening which makes a free sliding fit on the shaft with which the coupling turns. Each coupling is provided with a peripheral -groove 22 and two transverse shift plates 24 are notched so as to make a straddlc fit in the groove 23 of each coupling at the front and at rear end of shafts 7. The corresponding ends of these plates 24 are connected by bars and are supported for horizontal adjustment. by swinging arms 26. The rear arms 26 are pivotally connected to bearingl plates 2T fastened to the bottom of the casing, while the forward arms 26 are keyed to -a transverse shaft 28 niount- 'ed in 'bearings 29 fastened to the bottom of the casing. The right hand arm26 is extended up tln'ough the ca sing and provided with a handle 30so that when it is -swung tothe rear it rocks shaft 28 and, through the other arm 2 6 thereon, actsto swing the Shift frame to the rear, the rear shift bar 24 swinging on itsv respective .supporting arns 26. This causes all of the couplings at the front ends of the. shafts to. be moved reaiwardly to what I terni uncoupled position while the rear couplings are slid rearwardlyon theshafts 7 into what I terni a. coupled position, as in .this position they will engage thesquared ends of alining shafts 31 which have a bearing in and project through the rear division plate 17. These shafts 31 control the operation of the rearcalculating dials 32, which are arranged preferably in a raised 'extension 33 of the easing whichv has suitable Vsight openings so as toexpose the digits on the periphery of the dials, A

there one dial for each rocker shaft 7.

displayed through suitable openings in the top 3 of the casing.t

Inasmuch as the transmission mechanism for the front and rear sets ofdials is the san1e,`only the operating mcehanlsm for the freut 'dials will be described and this is shown in side elevation in Fig. 2, and partly..

in plan in Fig. 1. Also since the transmission means from each shaft 31 or 34 to its respective dial are the Same, only one such j mechanism will he described in connection with a shaft l-lwhiih is-journaled at its rear end in the partition vl6and at its for? ward end ir. a partition 36 formed by.a

nia-ml plate suitably fastened to the `,inner walls of the easing. The shaft has'wconnei-'ted to it a, coiled spring 37, whih is, at its outer and, fastened to partiticii 176 and whirh .spring tends to rock' shaft 34'back to `its initial position when moved i there-l from by n rox-k shaft 7, a stop arm 34 fixed arrest the shaft 3i in initial position. 4lVhen the shaft 34 is moved by a rock shaft 7 against the action of spring 3T, it turns with it an arm 38 on the outer end of which is pivot-ed a. spring-pressed dogr 39 that rides freely over a ratchet wheel 40. moment the key that operated shaft 7 is released, the spring 37 rocks that shaft back to initial position swinging with it arm 38 and dog r 23S) which thereupon engages and turni wheel 1.6 through an angle corresponding to the angle shaft 7 was rocked. l' 40 is imparted to a gear wheel 41 and a stop This movement of ratchet Wheel 1115' on the shaft 3.4 will engage a Stop 34h and The I eEsT Ai/AlLAeLE cof wheel all of which are mounted on a common hub which turns freely on 'shaft 34. A spring catch 43 engages thewheel 42 and prevents inertia movements thereof. Gear wheel 41 mesheswith a small gear 44 fixed on a countershaft 45 which is disposed near the top of the casingiand is likewise Ajournaled in' partitions 16 and36, through the'flatter o'f which an end of it projects and hasthere mounted-` thereon a ratchet spider, 46. s A pair1 of' reversely Adisposed .ratchet Apawls 47 lare pivoted tothe ends of 46 `and are ressed by springs 48 against the rear rat'c et teeth 49'uffa-.double ratchet wheel which has another isetfof ratchet teeth- 50.

AThis 'double ratchet pis keyed on a shaft 51 which alin'cs with shaft 45 and is journaled in a vertical partition 52 and in the iront lwall-of the casin The'movrnent' ofthe ratchet wheel impart a rotary movementto the dial which is likewise ke' ed on the'shaft 51. Between the dial and e parside. Between the disk'and partition 52 I4 mount freely on the shaftvl a carryingV arm 55 which projects; over and rests normally` in a notch in' the tcp kof partition 52,1 and hasl pivotally'fconnectedto jit a ratchet'pai'yl 56 y. which? rides' over teeth 50 of the double pawl when the carryingarm is lifted by the pin 54 in the disk 53 which turns with the dial of next` lower. denoininationjtol that in `question. lifting of acarrying armsets its pawl fto turn the vdouble' ratchetlandlwith it the shaft, 5I in qestiomasuliicient distance to move its'respec'ti've dial one'paint, when the arm"55 1s drawn' bck'-f'against the partition by a coiled spring 57 which is connected to said arm"and the partition 52;' The forward end of the paw] 56 carries a rear# wrdly projecting pin .58 which overhangs a rocker arm 59 pivoted on a stud 60 fixed on partition 52.,-

A spring 61 engagesa rear end 62 of the farm59 and teiids to hold it out of engage` ment with the pin- 58. The spring 61 is aff tached 'to an angle platepsupport 63 connected to4partition52 and provided at its outer end with a notch to receive and guide the `lower hifur'cated end of a key 64, which keystraddles a pin 65 fastened in the rear end 62 of/thcwsocker arm 59. The depression of, key .54 wirt-raise .the rocker arm 59' until it engages and raises pawl 56 out of engagement with the ratchet teeth 50 Ato prevent any carrying operation from diall to dial.

Between the disk aud the -dial 35, I

-niouut freely on shaft 51 gear wheel 66,

hir-h is integral with a hub portion Athat carries an arm 67. A rack bar 68 engages the gears 66 which are mounted on the several shafts 51 and is supported by [lange rollers `69 mounted in angle plates 70 fastened to the front wall of the casing. Near 'its right hand end the rack is connected by a pin 71 to a lever arm 72, the pin working in aslot 73 in said arm which is keyedon a shaft 74 journaled in the casing and partition 52. Shaft 74 also has a crank arm 75 to which is pivotally connected the shank 76 of a reset key 77. .Also a coiled spring 78 is 4connected to shaft 75 and to the casing at the other end and tends to hold the lever 7 2 parts will normally stand when a stop 80 on shank 76 engages the casing top. The arms 67 have a spring 79 (see Fig. 7 con nected to each of'them so that when swung around from right to left by the key imparted movement to the rack, it will spring .freely past the pin 54 on the adjacent disk 53 inwhatever position the latter may be at reverse travel by the action of spring 78, key 77 having been released, the several arms 67 will reverse their swing through a complete circle and then each spring 79, being braced by an arm 67, will pick up its respective pin -{14a-nd will swing the pin, and with it disk tion.

'If ,desired coil springs 81 may be connected at one end to each upper rock shaft 7 andA to its bearing support so as toA assist in rocking the depressed shaft back to normal position with its forward rocker arm 6, engaging the operating pin on the key post `of the numeral key 1.

The means herein shown and described for supporting the keys 1 and eifecting their con nection with the rock shafts which they 0p- ,erate, permits of th'e removal of all of said kevs with the top plate of the machine, thiis avoiding the necessity of removing the finger pieces or tops of these keys in order to remove said top plate in getting access to the .internal mechanism of the machine. The tops of keys 6l and 77 may be removed according to the eon'nnon practice, in order to lift the top plate from the machine, but the number of these keys is small as compared .With the number of keys l. The dials 32 beingr supported entirely l'zy the extension 33 of the top or cover plate I3 are also removable therewith. Cnc or both sets of dials may he provided with decimal pointer hands -8'2 pivotally mounted to the top ot the casing.

in operation, assumin;r the ear dials to be coupled up to the rock shaits 7, the dcpression of any key in a gin i row i rom liront to rear \'ill swing the rock shaft.' corresponding to that ron' of keys, through a prodi-termined are, which angular morelneut. -will in turn hc impart-ed to ratchet arm p Un the roh-ase of the 'keg/"the springr l return means on the coupled shafts will and rack 68 in the lposition in whichsaid A that time. But when the rack is given a 53, shaft 5l .and dial 35, back to zero posi- BEST AVAlLABLE-CGP\ rock arm 38 back to initial position, its pawl engaging and moving ratchet wheel 40 and gear wheel 41 through an arc corresponding to the arc of depression of the rocker shaft 7 This rotary movement of the gear is imparted through the small gear 44 to the upper shaft 45 and rocks the ratchet spider 46, which in turn moves the double ratchet on shaft 51, turning with it the shaft and dial 35. In this manner the depression of the numeral key 5 will advance the dial 35 through five positions or through half a revolution. With each dial moves its respective disk 53 and when the dial nears the completion of a revolution, the pin 54 in the disk will engage and lift the carrying arm 55 on the shaft for the dial of next higher denomination and will raise it in such Inanner that when the dial of lower denomination completes a revolution and returns to zero position, it will have moved the .pawl 56 on the carrying arm into engagement with one of the ten teeth 50 'on the double ratchet wheel so that when pin 54 releases arm 55 the spring 57 will draw the arm and pawl down and turn the double pawl and shaft 5l to advance its-dial one point. By depressing its respective key 64 this carrying operation will be avoided as the pawl will be held thereby out of engagement with the ratchet teeth 50. To reset the several dials to zero position itis only necessary to press key 64 and release it, whereupon the spring de scribed will swing rack 68 back to initial position, these operations causing gears 66 to swing their pick-up springs 78 through a complete circle during which they pass all the pins 54 on the disks, and then back through a circle, during"I which each will engage the pin on its respective disk and turn the latter with it, thereby moving shaft 5l and dial 35 to zero position. Each of the keys in the calculator keyboard has the same length of travel and offers practically a uniform 4resistance which permits a much more rapid operation of the machine. Each depression of a calculator key will rock its respective rock shaft 13 through the same arc as it rocks the upper shaft for the objects and for the purposes described in my accompanying application. If it is desired to set up items on the front dials it is only necessary to move the lever arm 30 to the front to cause all the couplings on the forwardends of the shafts 7 to connect the latter with the rocking mechanism for the forward dials and at the same time uncouple the rear dials.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A calculating .machine having a keyboard, key controlled dial operating mechanism, two independent dial operating mechacontrolled means to connect one set of dials with saidv operating mechanism while simultaneously disconnecting the other set,

substantially as described.

2. A calculating machine having two vcomplete and independent sets of totaling dials, a common key controlled actuating mechanism for the two sets of dials, and key controlled means to disconnect either set of dials from said operating mechanism, substantially as described.

3. In acalculating machine, a casing containing key controlled dial operatingmech- ,anism, one set of dials at the forward end `ofthe machine, a second set of dials at the rear end of the machine, key controlled coupling means to connect and disconnect each set of dials to and from said operating mechanism', substantially as described.

4. In a calculating machine, key controlled dial operating mechanism comprissets set of dials to said actuators, and a key -onltrolled shift'means to move said couplings vsimultaneously to couple one set of dials and uncouple the other to and from said actuators, substantially as described.

5. In a calculating machine, a casing, a

keybard, key operated rock shafts, a set -ward end of the machine, independent motion transmission mechanism for each set of dials, coupling means to detachably connect either set of dia-l operating mechanism to said rocker shafts, and acommon shift means to control said coupling means, substantially as described.

.6. In a calculating machine, a series of rows of keys disposed from front to rear, a series of key operated rocker shafts also disposed from front to rear, a second series of key operated rocker. shafts disposed transversely at right angles to the first mentioned rocker shafts, and a series of supporting plates for both sets of shafts, which plates are disposed at right angles to one set of shafts and parallel with the other set of shafts and have lateral-projecting portions to receive the latter set of shafts, substantially as described.

7. In a calculating machine, an upper `set of rocks shafts disposed fromv front to rear of the machine, a lower set -of rock shafts disposed transversely of the machine, a set of nine bearing plates,arranged transversely of the machine, which at their upper.ends -receive land support the upper shafts and which have tongues bent out at right angles to receive the lower parallel shafts, means to retain the shafts in their respective bearings, and depressible keys each adapted to actuate an upper and lower rock shaft.

8. In a calculating machine, a casing a series .of depressible key posts mounted 111g Q series of actuators, two independent f numeral dials, means to couple ch ing a series of arms adapted to be engaged by the keys, stop shoulders in the same rela-v "a c rcle'fr. the purposes described.v -f

thereinfspring means to hold the posts -in .elevated posit1on,.a stop shou'lder von' each.

post, an adjustablestop mounted in the ca sing and' adapt-ed to be engaged by said shoulder to arrest the p'osts after -they com- 9. In a calculating' machine, `a-plur'ality of rows of keys,therebei ng. nine in each row` extending fronifront-.to'rea a rocker shaft operated by. each 'r'ow'of keys and compristive position on the keys,-and a series .of adjustable stop pins with which said shoulders engage at the `end of .the .down stroke each shaft being spaced a successivelyv increasing distance from thecorresponding portions of said keyswhichare adapted .to engage and actuate them, substantially as described.

10. In a calculating machine, a -cgsingz having a top cover and two transverse prtitions spaced from its front, andlrear end walls, a series of rock shafts extending.

from front to rear and disposed between said partitions, bearings in which said shafts are mounted, keys to actuate said shafts, motion transmission mechanism disposed between each end ofsaid `mechanisms, coupling means to connect each mechanism with said shafts, and a shift control mechanism for moving all said coupling means to disconnect one set of dials from and simula-ne'- ously connectthe. other set of dials to said rock shafts, substantially as described.'

11. In a calculating machine, a series of key operated 'rock shafts, couplings slidably mounted on said shafts for rotation therewith, dials, motion transmission mechanism connected to the dials comprising shafts which aline with the rocker shafts, and a shift plate having a slip connect-ion to the couplings which is adapted to move them simultaneously to connect or disconnect the alining shafts, substantially as described.

12. In a calculating machine, a removable top plato having a raised compartment for dials with means to `expose-'the dials, dials journaled in said compartment, and kb v controlled dial operating mechanism with which said dialsare detachably connected so as to be lifted out with said top.

13. In a calculating machine, a removable top plate having a raised compartment for dials with means to expose the dials, dials journaled in said compartment, kc v controlled dial operating mechanism vwith which said dials are detachably connected so as to be lifted out with said top, and keys .springcnnec'ted to said arm, Amounted concentric with the dial and1S"f i1 d I BEST ,Liv/annatecomvv yieldingly connectedtoi'lsaid topplatel'zand' removable therewith 'whichl are' 'adaptdfto 14. In a calculating machine,f a ldial, nfio' tion transmission means .connected to -said dial and comprising-a 'projection' movable 'mechanism when thetop is in operating-po with'. the dial,-a Agear carrying. 'an-.arnn'a Sprin'gbeing 'adapted' tosnap "past"'said pif'o jection when swung' i'n one directiongandtoi vengage said projection and move it' and.the. dial 'fwhen swung back in a reverse direction,

and: akeycontrolled sliding rck adapted to rock all said gears-back and forth through -"1 5.-=Infa calculating' machine aseries of janus, aha-asser. 'Said dials, dists keyed-0n of the key, said-arms from front to `rear on sP'Ssha-ftsjjandhaving' twoprojections, dial r ting mechanismadapted to engage `Ione proj ection, and -mechanism for carrying from i'alto d'al' which` is actuated bythe other 16. .I1'i.-a calculatin machine, a ykeyboard ,comprising depressib ekeys, and'key operated mechanisms comprising two' sets of rocker shafts disposed at right'angles to each.

of a shaft incadh setbeing adapted to be engaged and depressed by each key,substan tially as described. I

.17. In a calculating machinea keyboard compribin'gv depressible keys, and key operated. Amechanisms lcomprising two sets of rocker shaftsl `disposed at right angles `to each other and; having rocker arms, a rocker arm of' a shaft in each set being adapted to beiengaged and depressed by each key, each keyhaving a shank rovided with an intermediate projection or engaging the rocker arm on one. of its shafts and at its bottom end adapted to straddle the rocker arm on .other and .havingI rocker arms, a rocker arm the other of the shafts adapted to be operated by itf substantially as described.

18. In a calculating machine,a set of dials, a keyboard, an operating mechanism for each dial controlled by the keyboard comprising a ratchet pawl which moves responsive to the depression of the key, .a ratchet. whecl haring two sets of teeth. one adapted to be engaged and moved by said pawl` a springpressed carrying arm provided with a pawl adapted to engage the other teeth, lsaid ratchet wheel being connected to its respective dial, and said carrying arm being actuated by the dial of the next lower denomination to advance the ratchet wheel and its dial one-tenth of a revolution for each complete revolution of the dial of the next lower denomination.

'19. In a calculating machine, three distinct sets of rock shafts disposed substantially in alinementfrom front to rear of the nai BESTAVMLABLE COF.

, machine, key controlled means to operate the intermediate set of rock shafts` dials movahlc with the end set of shafts, and key controlled means to operatively connect either end set of shafts `with the intermediate set of shafts, substantially as described.

20. A calculating' machine, comprising two independent sets of calculating mechanisms operatively disconnected from each other, an actuating mechanism common to both said calculating mechanisms, and means to operatively connect and disconnect said actuating mechanism at will to and from either of said calculating mechanisms; I 21. A calculating machine,c0mprising two independent sets of calculating mechanisms each having a set of number setting dials operatively disconnected from each other,` key operated actuating mechanism common to hcth of said sets of calculating mechanisms, and mechanism operative at will to cinmect said actuating mechanism to and disconnect it from eitherof said calculating mechanisms. f 22. A calculating machine, comprising two independent sets of calculating 'mechanisms opera tively disconnected from each other, actuating mechanism common to both sets of calculating mechanisms, series of keys 0perating through said actuating mechanism to set either of said calculating mechanisms, and means to operatively connect and vdisconnect said actuating mechanism to vand from either of said calculating mechanisms. 2&5. A calculating machine, comprising two independent sets of calculating mechanismsV 'operatively disconnectedfrom each other,`

actuating mechanism common to both sets of calculatingmechanisms, a series of keys operating through said actuating mechanism to 40 set either of said calculating mechanisms, means operative at will to connect said actuating mechanism to ither one of said calculat-ing mechanisms and simultaneously disconnect said actuating mechanism from the other of said calculating mechanisms.

24. A calculating machine, comprising two independent sets of calculating mechanisms operatively disconnected from each other, a series of rock shafts common to botli sets of calculating mechanisms, a series of keys op. erat-ng through said rock shaft-s to set either of said calculating mechanisms, and means to operatively connect and disconnect said rock shafts to and from either of said calculating mechanisms.

25. A calculatingmachine,comprising two independent sets of calculating mechanisms operatively ldisconnected from each other, a

series of rock shafts common to both sets of calculating mechanisms, a seriesof keys operating through said rock shafts to set either of said calculating mechanisms, and means toconnect said rock shafts to one of said calculating mechanisms 'and simultaneously Go disconnectsaid shafts from the other of said calculating mechanisms.

In testimony whereof I atlix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES F. MAYS.

Witnesses: Noam: WELSH,

R. D. JOHNSTON, Jr.

Copies of 'this patent iinay'be obtained tor ave cents each, lzoy addressing the Commissioner of I'atcnts,

Washington, D. U. 

